[ITEM]
10.11.2018

Narkomaniya I Toksikomaniya Prezentaciya Ppt

7

-lekcii-po-tehnologii-mashinostroeniya-prezentaciya/ 2015-02-20T14:50:53+00:00.

Title: Chapter 6: Aniseikonia 1 Chapter 6 Aniseikonia Definition Inter-ocular difference in magnification Type A All meridian magnification (no stereoscopic effects) associated with anisometropia. Type B Meridional Magnification (creates stereoscopic tilting plane illusion) created by ophthalmic corrections (i) horizontal meridional magnification (ii) vertical meridional magnification (iii) oblique axis meridional magnification (iv) meridional magnification that varies across the visual field 2 Examples of B-scan ultrasound images from two eyes of an anisometrope.

Notice that the primary differences is axial length. Right Eye Left Eye All significant anisometripias are caused by inter-ocular differences in axial length and not optical power 3 Magnification Retinal image size can be easily estimated by tracing the undeviated nodal ray. Remember, for a focused image, all rays coincide at the image plane, thus any ray will give the same image size. The nodal ray is preferred because of ease since it is undeviated.

Nodal ray Emmetrope n However, if the image is not focused, then each ray arrives at a different retinal location (each forms a different part of the blur circle). In this case, we must use the Chief ray to determine image location since it forms the center of the blur circle. 4 Using the chief ray we can see that retinal image size is larger in uncorrected axially myopic eyes.

Axial Myope Chief ray Emmetrope But what will happen when we correct the myopia? 5 Correcting ametropia with a spectacle lens Using the anterior focal point ray, the ray is parallel to the optical axis in the eyes image space. By placing the correcting lens in the eyes anterior focal plane, the lenss undeviated nodal ray is the eyes anterior focal point ray. Thus, in the eye corrected with a spectacle lens placed at the anterior focal plane will have the same retinal image size as an emmetropic eye. Axial Myope Emmetrope Fe, NL Graphic Demonstration of Knapps Law retinal image size is independent of level of ametropia when corrected at anterior focal plane 6 Correcting ametropia at corneal plane (contact lens, refractive surgery, orthokeratology) Corneal plane correction Chief ray Axial Myope Emmetrope This technique changes the optical power of the first and most significant refracting surface, in so doing, it changes the optical power of this surface, and thus changes the eyes nodal points, anterior focal point, principle planes etc. The only ray that is relative stable is the chief ray. We thus use the chief ray to assess image quality in this case.

7 Prediction based upon Knapps Law Anisometropes corrected with SL will have same size image in both eyes and thus no Aniseikona. This prediction is solely based upon optics, but of course axial ametropia is created by expanding the vitreal chamber and thus the area of the globe that the retina must cover. Knapps Law prediction (correct anisometropia with SL to avoid aniseikonia) does not work. For example, objects appear smaller in the myopic eye of anisometropes corrected with a SL (minification).

PowerShow.com is a leading presentation/slideshow sharing website. Whether your application is business, how-to, education, medicine, school, church, sales, marketing, online training or just for fun, PowerShow.com is a great resource. And, best of all, most of its cool features are free and easy to use. You can use PowerShow.com to find and download example online PowerPoint ppt presentations on just about any topic you can imagine so you can learn how to improve your own slides and presentations for free.

Narkomaniya I Toksikomaniya Prezentaciya Ppt

Or use it to find and download high-quality how-to PowerPoint ppt presentations with illustrated or animated slides that will teach you how to do something new, also for free. Or use it to upload your own PowerPoint slides so you can share them with your teachers, class, students, bosses, employees, customers, potential investors or the world. Or use it to create really cool photo slideshows - with 2D and 3D transitions, animation, and your choice of music - that you can share with your Facebook friends or Google+ circles. Servisnij rezhim shassi mc 049b.

That's all free as well! For a small fee you can get the industry's best online privacy or publicly promote your presentations and slide shows with top rankings. But aside from that it's free. We'll even convert your presentations and slide shows into the universal Flash format with all their original multimedia glory, including animation, 2D and 3D transition effects, embedded music or other audio, or even video embedded in slides. All for free. Most of the presentations and slideshows on PowerShow.com are free to view, many are even free to download. (You can choose whether to allow people to download your original PowerPoint presentations and photo slideshows for a fee or free or not at all.) Check out PowerShow.com today - for FREE.

[/ITEM]
[/MAIN]
10.11.2018

Narkomaniya I Toksikomaniya Prezentaciya Ppt

94

-lekcii-po-tehnologii-mashinostroeniya-prezentaciya/ 2015-02-20T14:50:53+00:00.

Title: Chapter 6: Aniseikonia 1 Chapter 6 Aniseikonia Definition Inter-ocular difference in magnification Type A All meridian magnification (no stereoscopic effects) associated with anisometropia. Type B Meridional Magnification (creates stereoscopic tilting plane illusion) created by ophthalmic corrections (i) horizontal meridional magnification (ii) vertical meridional magnification (iii) oblique axis meridional magnification (iv) meridional magnification that varies across the visual field 2 Examples of B-scan ultrasound images from two eyes of an anisometrope.

Notice that the primary differences is axial length. Right Eye Left Eye All significant anisometripias are caused by inter-ocular differences in axial length and not optical power 3 Magnification Retinal image size can be easily estimated by tracing the undeviated nodal ray. Remember, for a focused image, all rays coincide at the image plane, thus any ray will give the same image size. The nodal ray is preferred because of ease since it is undeviated.

Nodal ray Emmetrope n However, if the image is not focused, then each ray arrives at a different retinal location (each forms a different part of the blur circle). In this case, we must use the Chief ray to determine image location since it forms the center of the blur circle. 4 Using the chief ray we can see that retinal image size is larger in uncorrected axially myopic eyes.

Axial Myope Chief ray Emmetrope But what will happen when we correct the myopia? 5 Correcting ametropia with a spectacle lens Using the anterior focal point ray, the ray is parallel to the optical axis in the eyes image space. By placing the correcting lens in the eyes anterior focal plane, the lenss undeviated nodal ray is the eyes anterior focal point ray. Thus, in the eye corrected with a spectacle lens placed at the anterior focal plane will have the same retinal image size as an emmetropic eye. Axial Myope Emmetrope Fe, NL Graphic Demonstration of Knapps Law retinal image size is independent of level of ametropia when corrected at anterior focal plane 6 Correcting ametropia at corneal plane (contact lens, refractive surgery, orthokeratology) Corneal plane correction Chief ray Axial Myope Emmetrope This technique changes the optical power of the first and most significant refracting surface, in so doing, it changes the optical power of this surface, and thus changes the eyes nodal points, anterior focal point, principle planes etc. The only ray that is relative stable is the chief ray. We thus use the chief ray to assess image quality in this case.

7 Prediction based upon Knapps Law Anisometropes corrected with SL will have same size image in both eyes and thus no Aniseikona. This prediction is solely based upon optics, but of course axial ametropia is created by expanding the vitreal chamber and thus the area of the globe that the retina must cover. Knapps Law prediction (correct anisometropia with SL to avoid aniseikonia) does not work. For example, objects appear smaller in the myopic eye of anisometropes corrected with a SL (minification).

PowerShow.com is a leading presentation/slideshow sharing website. Whether your application is business, how-to, education, medicine, school, church, sales, marketing, online training or just for fun, PowerShow.com is a great resource. And, best of all, most of its cool features are free and easy to use. You can use PowerShow.com to find and download example online PowerPoint ppt presentations on just about any topic you can imagine so you can learn how to improve your own slides and presentations for free.

Narkomaniya I Toksikomaniya Prezentaciya Ppt

Or use it to find and download high-quality how-to PowerPoint ppt presentations with illustrated or animated slides that will teach you how to do something new, also for free. Or use it to upload your own PowerPoint slides so you can share them with your teachers, class, students, bosses, employees, customers, potential investors or the world. Or use it to create really cool photo slideshows - with 2D and 3D transitions, animation, and your choice of music - that you can share with your Facebook friends or Google+ circles. Servisnij rezhim shassi mc 049b.

That's all free as well! For a small fee you can get the industry's best online privacy or publicly promote your presentations and slide shows with top rankings. But aside from that it's free. We'll even convert your presentations and slide shows into the universal Flash format with all their original multimedia glory, including animation, 2D and 3D transition effects, embedded music or other audio, or even video embedded in slides. All for free. Most of the presentations and slideshows on PowerShow.com are free to view, many are even free to download. (You can choose whether to allow people to download your original PowerPoint presentations and photo slideshows for a fee or free or not at all.) Check out PowerShow.com today - for FREE.